The neuroimaging study proposed presently differs from many of the extant studies of the neurophysiological effects of HIV/AIDS in several substantive areas. For example, the proposed study will not focus exclusively on thc subset of HIV/AIDS patients with profound dementia in the terminal stages of disease. Secondly, it will also not focus exclusively upon verifying a neurological or neuropsychological staging system which is subjective and has unknown specificity and reliability. Thirdly, the proposed study will not exclude HIV/AIDS patients who are female or possess comorbid psychiatric disorders. The focus of the proposed study will instead be directed toward the quantitative assessment of degrees of impairment in a broader sample of HIV/AIDS patients using objective and reliable neurophysiological tools. For this purpose, we will recruit 120 HIV-1 seropositive and 120 HIV-1 seronegative subjects. All of the subjects will undergo identical procedures which will include structured medical and psychological evaluations. An attempt will be made to match the groups on several neurophysiologically relevant background variables (i.e., depression level, drug use history, gender, and age). The dependent measures will include several quantitative electroencephalographic measures, sensory evoked potential latencies and amplitudes, and topographic analyses of endogenous event-related potentials. Additional dependent measures will include objective and quantitative measures of balance, tremor, and eye movements. The overall goal of the study will be to construct a multivariate model in which one can test the role of various risk factors (e.g., antisocial personality disorder), comorbid disorders (e.g., mood disorder; cocaine, alcohol, or heroin dependence), and markers of disease severity (e.g., CDC clinical stages A, B, or C; viral load, CD4+ count, TNF-alpha) in either mediating, amplifying, or adding to the degree of neurophysiological impairment. In addition, cerebrospinal measures of cytokine and beta-chemokine activity will be gathered for the purpose of examining their correlation with neurophysiological functioning in the subset of HIV/AIDS patients who consent to a lumbar puncture. A secondary study will evaluate the same measures listed above among 45 HIV/AIDS patients before and 3 months after the initiation of a standard antiviral medication regimen as compared to 45 unmedicated HIV/AIDS patients (because of medication intolerance or noncompliance) who are also tested twice. An analysis of change scores across groups will permit a formal test of the effects of antiviral treatment on neurophysiological status.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01MH061346-02
Application #
6187064
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZMH1-BRB-T (02))
Program Officer
Stoff, David M
Project Start
1999-09-30
Project End
2004-05-31
Budget Start
2000-06-01
Budget End
2001-05-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2000
Total Cost
$467,911
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Connecticut
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
Farmington
State
CT
Country
United States
Zip Code
06030
Bauer, Lance O (2018) Inter-trial variability in brain activity as an indicator of synergistic effects of HIV-1 and drug abuse. Drug Alcohol Depend 191:300-308
Bauer, Lance O (2018) HIV/AIDS and an overweight body mass are associated with excessive intra-individual variability in response preparation. J Neurovirol 24:577-586
Bauer, L O (2013) A family history of substance dependence obscures the group differences in brain function associated with HIV-1 and ART. Drug Alcohol Depend 127:45-52
Bauer, Lance O (2011) Interactive effects of HIV/AIDS, body mass, and substance abuse on the frontal brain: a P300 study. Psychiatry Res 185:232-7
Bauer, Lance O; Wu, Zhao; Wolfson, Leslie I (2011) An obese body mass increases the adverse effects of HIV/AIDS on balance and gait. Phys Ther 91:1063-71
Madden, Gregory J; Petry, Nancy M; Johnson, Patrick S (2009) Pathological gamblers discount probabilistic rewards less steeply than matched controls. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 17:283-90
Bauer, Lance O (2008) Psychiatric and neurophysiological predictors of obesity in HIV/AIDS. Psychophysiology 45:1055-63
Bauer, Lance O (2008) The effects of HIV on P300 are moderated by familial risk for substance dependence: implications for a theory of brain reserve. Drug Alcohol Depend 94:92-100
Barry, Danielle; Petry, Nancy M (2008) Predictors of decision-making on the Iowa Gambling Task: independent effects of lifetime history of substance use disorders and performance on the Trail Making Test. Brain Cogn 66:243-52
Bauer, Lance O (2008) A family history of psychopathology modifies the decrement in cognitive control among patients with HIV/AIDS. Brain Cogn 67:103-14

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