Biomineralization allows craniofacial bones, long bones and teeth to exert their normal function in the adult. However, despite its obvious importance, the mechanisms of regulation of mineralization are still poorly understood. Matrix vesicles, cell-derived microstructures, appear to play a critical role in this process, but the mechanisms of their control is still not understood. In the preliminary studies from this investigator, there are original data to show that interactions between matrix proteins, collagen type II and X collagens, and matrix vesicles lead to a stimulation of their calcification. Evidence is also presented that these interactions are mediated by annexin V, a major component of matrix vesicles. Annexin V belongs to a family of proteins that bind to acidic phospholipids in the presence of calcium. In addition, annexin V forms calcium channels when inserted into phospholipid bilayer membranes. Therefore, it seems that the binding of type II and X collagens to annexin V stimulates its calcium channel properties, thereby controlling calcium influx into matrix vesicles and initiation of calcification. The hypothesis of this proposal is that the collagen-annexin V interactions play a critical role in the regulation of tissue mineralization. This hypothesis will be tested directly by the use of diverse experimental strategies, including binding assays, site-directed mutagenesis, calcium channel studies, cell culture, photochemical studies and overexpression of mutated annexin molecules. The results are intended to shed light on fundamental mechanisms involved in annexin V calcium channel formation and modulation by binding to collagens, and provide insights into the function of these interactions in tissue calcification. The applicant suggests that this information should contribute greatly to the current understanding of biomineralization, and could suggest direct ways to prevent uncontrolled mineralization in tissues during pathological conditions.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS)
Type
First Independent Research Support & Transition (FIRST) Awards (R29)
Project #
5R29AR043732-02
Application #
2442844
Study Section
Orthopedics and Musculoskeletal Study Section (ORTH)
Project Start
1996-07-10
Project End
2001-08-31
Budget Start
1997-07-01
Budget End
1998-08-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
1997
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pennsylvania
Department
Anatomy/Cell Biology
Type
Schools of Dentistry
DUNS #
042250712
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19104
Wang, Wei; Xu, Jinping; Kirsch, Thorsten (2003) Annexin-mediated Ca2+ influx regulates growth plate chondrocyte maturation and apoptosis. J Biol Chem 278:3762-9
Wang, Wei; Kirsch, Thorsten (2002) Retinoic acid stimulates annexin-mediated growth plate chondrocyte mineralization. J Cell Biol 157:1061-9
D'Angelo, M; Billings, P C; Pacifici, M et al. (2001) Authentic matrix vesicles contain active metalloproteases (MMP). a role for matrix vesicle-associated MMP-13 in activation of transforming growth factor-beta. J Biol Chem 276:11347-53
Nah, H D; Swoboda, B; Birk, D E et al. (2001) Type IIA procollagen: expression in developing chicken limb cartilage and human osteoarthritic articular cartilage. Dev Dyn 220:307-22
Pfander, D; Swoboda, B; Kirsch, T (2001) Expression of early and late differentiation markers (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, syndecan-3, annexin VI, and alkaline phosphatase) by human osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Am J Pathol 159:1777-83
Kirsch, T; Harrison, G; Golub, E E et al. (2000) The roles of annexins and types II and X collagen in matrix vesicle-mediated mineralization of growth plate cartilage. J Biol Chem 275:35577-83
Kirsch, T; Claassen, H (2000) Matrix vesicles mediate mineralization of human thyroid cartilage. Calcif Tissue Int 66:292-7
Kirsch, T; Swoboda, B; Nah, H (2000) Activation of annexin II and V expression, terminal differentiation, mineralization and apoptosis in human osteoarthritic cartilage. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 8:294-302
Kirsch, T; Harrison, G; Worch, K P et al. (2000) Regulatory roles of zinc in matrix vesicle-mediated mineralization of growth plate cartilage. J Bone Miner Res 15:261-70
Kirsch, T; Nah, H D; Shapiro, I M et al. (1997) Regulated production of mineralization-competent matrix vesicles in hypertrophic chondrocytes. J Cell Biol 137:1149-60

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